openspaceman

This sounds similar to Elsen Karstad's operation near Nairobi. He initially charred sawdust and compressed it into briquettes with a clay binder but then found charcoal vendor's waste was readily available and could be extruded into briquettses I have not used an Exeter, the only mobile device other than a traditional ring kiln was the Viper, which was a kiln rather than a retort and not the best of charcoal makers. It's one attribute was the char was cooked to a higher temperature than most retorts do. For use in a stove like an improved Jiko you want a char cooked at a higher temperature as this has few volatiles left to produce smoke or flame. @Woodworks has produced a design for a small retort system that produces charcoal from small chunks of wood which does about 20kg per burn in a cycle time of about an hour. A D Karve and his daughter Priya have done some work in India making char from sugar cane leaves using a simple retort on the style of that used in Russia by Yury Yudkevitch and Alex Belonio in Vietnam has developed a number of cooking devices that burn rice hulls in a gasifier. For larger scale look to the people making biochar from agriwastes in simple flame cap devices, which are a modern adaptation of methods used to make small charcoal pieces in England in the eighteenth century.

@Darkslider cured his problem by having a dealer replace the gaskets, needle valves and diaphragm with a new car kit. The 181 is quite different from the 181C which I am having trouble with in that it has no primer bulb whereas the 181c has one remote from the carb. AIUI they eat a lot of smoked meat and historically provide a warm dark home for various worms, the shallow bowl allows inspection for the offspring before they get flushed away to infect the next generation of grazing animals. Last experience I had of the shallow bowls was thirty years ago, it could be disconcerting first time if the gooly bits dangled low

Consider a small air conditioning unit that can double as a heat pump, for small temperature differences , say 5C out and 20C in they get more out of your unit of electricity.

I've found that the primer bulb is actually the only thing that solves my 560's hot starting problems - a pump or two before starting when I pick it up warm makes it start fine 99% of the time; if it gets really sulky then I've found pumping the bulb as many times as I can be arsed (like at least 30 times) then doing cold start procedure sorts it ? Yes cooling the carb should sort out vapour lock

Yes there's that to be said for them

Yeah I'm not convinced of the utility of these bulbs and as this one is remote I shall stick a haemostat on the pipe between the carb and bulb, it should perform just like an old fashioned saw. If that's the case then the only advantage in the bulb would be in cooling the carb??

I have just has a ms181c returned to me after I fitted a new remote pump bulb some months back. It actually runs fine with me but I shall have to cut a few logs to see what the problem is after a bit of work. @Darkslider Does the bulb on yours empty itself during or after use? I just wonder if a non return valve is playing up in the bulb body as this one empties. I would have thought the forward resistance in the pump non return valves should be sufficient to hold fuel in the bulb. As the diaphragm is good and the carburettor inlet valve is good the only way air can get in is from the inlet and back through a jet into the carburettor body. I can see air bubbling into the bulb through the centre as it empties.

Yes https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/725769/Forestry_Commission_Agent__Authority_nonrdpe_-_edited_for_GOV.UK.pdf

Which side of the Atlantic do you live on?

Yes unless one of the exemptions apply. I frequently acted as agent for owners and made the licence application on their behalf

Absolutely! ?

I can assure you the chainsaw cuts were deep and not bridged in the first few seasons, when they were bridged the new growth cam from above.

It's interesting and and something to be wary about when using systemic herbicides. I doubt the myccorhyzal transport implied in the animation Kevin posted extends to moving herbicide, I also wonder how they researched this phenomenon. I have posted in the past a picture of a ring barked young scots pine that carried on growing above the lost bark until it managed to callus over the wound and carry on as normal. In this case it was a planting of beech over a former heathland site, the scots pine was self seeded and by year 12 was towering over the beech. The plan was to ringbark the selected dominant pine to avoid felling them and damaging the beech. It failed miserably because the neighbouring pine kept the ringbarked trees going and the new (LA) owner failed to do anything further to keep the beech so it's a predominantly pine woodland now.

Villiers so that's fracking, HS2 and new runways and no worries for ecology or climate change

Are word generators practising their artificial intelligence allowed to enrol into college as easily as one may subscribe to arbtalk?

I think the directors of southern water may be worrying a bit about this at the moment Southern Water faces prosecution after record £126m penalty | Business | The Guardian WWW.THEGUARDIAN.COM Company must pay back £123m to customers over ‘shocking’ failures at sewage treatment sites

I thought it was related to earlier defoliating insect attack, the replacement growth being full of chemicals to make them less palatable which gives the colour. I saw the combines going in today so the timing is about right (though it was probably barley rather than wheat for the first loaf)

Here it was called shredding I got the impression it was mostly for a bit of a summer green forage in the lull between first flush of grass and the late summer regrowth.

In the residual waste bin and depending where you live that could first go to an incinerator then managed landfill or else straight to managed landfill where it should stay inert for a few thousand years in a sealed cell.

Yes and I intend to fit one soon but I think it will be a disposable element rather than washable. The problems I can see are people won't change them but rather remove them, a bit like people remove catalytic converters and diesel particulate filters, and there will be no MOT station to check for their presence. Also washing machines tend to have a life of around 10 years so it will take a while after manufacturers decide to fit them. Many people are unable to grasp the fact they are part of the problem. In the same way thieves disrupt life disproportionately to their number or their financial gain it only takes a few people unwilling to reduce their personal contribution to pollution to spoil the efforts of many. Maybe but somehow I doubt I'll be around to witness it.

I just went for cheap: Voche® 20W Industrial Commerical Large Electronic UV Insect Fly Killer Ultra Bug Zapper TOOLTIME.CO.UK High Power 23W Electronic Ultra Violet Insect Killer Seems to work Okay.

As one of the oil platform people on here have said that isn't going to be a problem for quite a while yet, anyway there are routes to all the plastics from organic means. A while ago I asked @eggsarascal if he could recommend a filter for the outlet of a washing machine to trap these small plastic bits. He hadn't heard of one at the time and I could only see them for sale in US (where the driving reason is to stop them contaminating septic tank workings). I have not yet found a good report on their effectiveness in stopping plastic fibrils getting into the sewage system.

stop at end of url needs removing

Quite an interesting guidance note: Natural environment - GOV.UK WWW.GOV.UK Explains key issues in implementing policy to protect and enhance the natural environment, including local requirements. "What are the Standard Criteria for Local Wildlife Sites? Standard CriteriaDetail Size or extentLarger sites are important for supporting viable populations of species, but smaller sites can be important as part of a larger habitat resource dispersed across the landscape. Smaller sites can be particularly valuable in areas lacking natural greenspace. DiversitySites should seek to reflect the diversity of wildlife, habitats, geological or geomorphological features that characterise the area. NaturalnessThe degree to which a site supports natural features, including rock exposures revealing underlying geology, or demonstrates active or past natural processes Rare or exceptional featureSites should comprise habitats or geological or geomorphological features that are rare or exceptional in the area. The local loss of a rare species or habitat may result directly in the reduction in its wider geographical range. Geological sites are often unique, formed in environments and processes that no longer exist, and their loss removes part of our understanding of the geological history of an area. FragilitySome habitats and geological features are more sensitive to change and are at greater risk of being lost or damaged due to the direct or indirect impacts of climate change, human activities or other influences TypicalnessAreas that exemplify a type of habitat, geological feature, or a population of a species, that is characteristic of the natural components of the landscape in which they are found. Recorded history and cultural associationsSites with links to land-use, industrial and cultural history, historic events, literary or other associations in art, and the history of natural environment research can reveal environmental change over time, changes in the use of natural resources or changes in perception of the natural environment. Connectivity within the landscapeSpecies may require habitat comprised of dispersed areas which are accessible and part of a functional network. Individual sites (both wildlife and geological) need to be considered in terms of the contribution they make to wider ecological networks. Value for appreciation of nature and for learningSites can provide opportunities for local educational use, enabling people of all ages to learn about, better understand, experience and enjoy local wildlife and geology. Sites with less intrinsic interest may be of nature conservation value for the opportunities they provide for the appreciation of nature. Sites may also provide opportunities for ecological or geological research." This connectivity thing is a hobbyhorse of mine in that I don't think any big projects, motorways, HS2 and roads in general have taken into consideration how meta populations of nimals can swap a few genes, hopefully this guidance can lead to some green bridges .

So what? It's a tiny proportion of the oil that comes out of the ground and there's no way you would want to go back to hemp ropes.