openspaceman

If you are worried about the legality then anything which is discarded is waste, the EA just have a position statement that allows that virgin timber need not be treated as waste if it is being properly dealt with. Air curtain burners are technical devices and when I last looked, 4 years ago, were treated the same as open bonfires. Mind even though the Solent division of EA told me that I could not use one when we put about 150m3 of whole trees through one over a weekend he didn't come out and stop us. As has been said you need to keep virgin green waste separate from other wood. Untreated wood could be burnt in an exempt incinerator but not painted wood or wood with preservative. There is an interesting little wrinkle that some biomass suppliers were making use of 10 years ago to get rid of treated wood and I don't know if that is still the case.

The issue is much the same as insulating shipping containers; profiled or corrugated steel roofing is a near non existent insulator so the under surface gets cold, worse is that the exterior surface is off the ground and a good radiator, so gets even colder than most of the surroundings. The covered area often contains warmer air than the roof. As warm air holds more moisture than cold air as it meets the cold surface it gives up water to the steel even if the ambient air is above its dew point. So any insulation under the steel needs to be impermeable to air, else the air moving through it gets colder and condenses out in the insulation. Sometimes a thin cloth layer can be used to wick the moisture away or a tyvek layer can be used to prevent the moisture dripping back down and as the roof warms up the next day the water evaporates. When I built my shed I used a profiled steel with 30mm of foam insulation bonded to it, which also has the advantage of not getting scorching hot in the summer.

Interesting and complicated subject, it seems the band between 5.5 micron and 7.5 micron wavelength is the region where no infra red re radiation gets out at all, and that includes absorption by water, so increase in water makes no difference here, as I thought. There are other regions in the infra red bandwidth that currently ~80% of the infra red escapes, allowing the earth to cool, but different H2O types of vibrational directions absorb Infra red in these bits of the window and so H2O increase can still dent re radiation in these bands

Yes, I skimmed through your link and the positive feedback resulting from non permafrost releasing methane and peat bogs respiring CO2 as well as wildfires but was not so happy about the claim that as things get warmer more water vapour will be in the atmosphere (it will) and trap more heat from leaving the earth. My understanding is that all the wavelengths of infra red re radiation trapped by moisture in the atmosphere are intercepted already so adding water will not trap any more.

We'll have to see what @spudulike thinks, I've never taken a saw that new apart but until the rings bed in there will always be some excessive blowby.

Those rings aren't even bedded in yet. The spark plug is a tad lean of perfect to my mind but not far off. I can't explain the marks on the piston if it's not sawdust.

They don't say why there is less grazing, once that reduces trees can get away. Yes a warmer environment will mean trees can survive in higher colder places but here the point is once they start growing there is a positive feedback effect. Trees absorb more light, which turns into heat, as snow does not settle on them, flat land covered in snow reflects the light back out to space. The article suggests the increase in heat caused by the trees changing the earth's albedo at this place outweighs any benefit the carbon sequestered by the trees gives, hence making the earth warmer and increasing the ability for trees to grow further up the hill.

Remember if you heat it it will lose a lot of that energy through the steel wall. If you add insulation to the outside the roof will need to protect the extra width. If you insulate from the inside you lose space but the insulation has to be totally vapour proof, else warm moist air will permeate the insulation and condense either in the insulation or on the cold wall and eventually run down the inside and cause problems, including rust.

A long time if roofed and jacked a few inches above ground away from vegetation.

Can you explain what it filters out, sizewise and how long the filters last, or are they cleanable?

I think something is lost from timber as it gets very old, I have burned stag headed oak (remaining heartwood only) and it is very coal like to burn with no liveliness despite being around 20%, as you say even recently felled and seasoned oak is not as lively as something like birch, or holly as I am finding this year. I attach a picture of a drying experiment I have posted before, as you will see oak dries similarly to other species with birch being the quickest in my samples. The pine and elm I added later as I came across them and by then drying conditions were better. Bear in mind these are individual logs on a shelf rather than in a stack and cut to ~10" and split with initially a weight around 1kg. So I think logs cut and split ready for the fire, under cover, with reasonable air circulation will be below 20% wwb by the end of a summer season . Then they will be in equilibrium and in my case will pick up a small amount of moisture as winter progresses. Logs dry by moisture leaving the surface, as this dries moisture migrates from the inner parts to get back to an equilibrium, so there is a gradient of moisture from inside to out until it reaches equilibrium with the ambient air, in my case rising to about 17% wwb by late winter. The time it takes is dependent on the length and cross section of the log and as moisture moves more readily out of the ends a shorter log will dry quicker than a long log of the same size.

If he's meaning solar PV panels, and not thermal, then he'll likely get about 0.75MWh for every 1kW installed peak capacity per annum and 80% of that will be May till August, when a solar thermal kiln will do well enough on its own.

I shouldn't think there is much loss of energy in VOCs emitted till you get above 120C.

Much the same here and I try and open the door carefully, just taking the ash out raises dust and thus room gets covered in it. All the same I do not think ash dust is in the same league as the other products of incomplete combustion, that's the thing about PM figures they don't differentiate between particle chemistry. Of course dust is still a problem if exposed to it constantly and being largely silica it causes silicosis. I need to see how I can get my python program to write to a file and then I could log PM through the day and see if it rises particularly when loading the Morso 11 stove, which runs 16 hours a day at present. Oddly after I bought it I noticed the Morso manual showed it was for intermittent use but it seems to be faring reasonably.

No I was just pointing out the drawbacks of ploughing unless interrupted and on the contour, did not see the Clarke device referred to. Yes there's no way I would enterntain manual working it a powered machine can get in there.

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In this day of flood problems getting water off the hill quickly is probably the opposite of the aim of planting the hill. not to mention scouring.

Actually these are far better because the ring attachments are keyholes which allow for adjustment. Noting @Rough Hewn's concern about splitting, I wonder because the bottom tension in the chain puts the board in compression, just like if you pick up 5 bricks between the palms of your hand.

Is that 2021 or 2?

Why not just a barrel chain with gaff hooks instead of clamp. Perhaps a shortening clutch on the ring to allow for different widths

What I should say is a lot of the problem stems from when the milk marketing board was removed, farmer's set up a co-operative called milkmarque to combat the power of the supermarkets but it was ruled a cartel by either the EU or our own monopolies' rules, and that was a dreadful shame in my eyes.

Yes the bloke either gets income from outside or goes bankrupt I suppose. Many big farms will dip into loss some years and make it up other years, their accountants will be able to carry money over without the taxman getting to it to tide them over, a small farmer won't be able to so could end up in supertax one year and none the other. We can see even with subsidy it's not sustainable hence less dairy farming and imported milk.

Pay attention at the back, it's not about carbon emissions it's about particulate and NOx emissions. If you downrate the power by reducing fuelling then there is less heat in the combustion so even with excess air NOx is not formed and because the mix is always ultra lean less particulates form. Look at how tweaked diesels push out black smoke, well it's the opposite of that. At the Ae machinery course I got marked down for pointing out that the Valmet forwarder was over fuelling as it came under load and pushed out black smoke, Stuart told me not to be silly, how things have changed in 20 years

Good job too!

I wonder if you really lit fires with tyres @Stubby, any fule knows that diesel doesn't work as well as petrol, and remember to pick the wire out of the ashes.