Firstly Mike, no vid. Have you any idea of the production costs of one of my vids?
Script writers, editors, producers, voice over celebrities, camera crew, sound crew etc. An astronomical amount. So, NO VID!!
Secondly, The Leak Down Test. This is to test the sealing capability of the compression components, including Rings,Bore, Piston, Valves, Head, Head gasket, Valve seats.
A regulated amount of pressurised air is used to pressure up the combustion chamber, and a gauge is used to show air loss in comparison with air input.
The magnitude of the air loss indicates the severity of any problems.
All engines, even new ones will have some loss, so as long as the loss is in the green section of the meter, the engine is good.
If the needle is in the yellow or red sections then one, or more of the compression components is worn.
By listening to the air leak it is possible to locate a specific component.
Air heard hissing through the carb indicates inlet valve leakage. Through the exhaust indicates the exhaust valve.
Air heard escaping around the head gasket indicates a head gasket failure, whilst air heard escaping through the dipstick hole indicates worn rings.
The test is carried out on an engine that has been run for a few minutes to get it to operating clearances.. The spark plug is removed and the engine turned to TDC on the comp stroke, A screwdriver inserted through the plug hole and resting on the piston is used as an indicator for TDC.
The engine must be 'locked' at TDC with a clamp plate, or, on a mower the blade can be locked. This is essential or the air pressure on the piston will rotate the engine with substantial force.
Then install the gauge in the plughole and test.
This tests the combustion chamber, not the crankcase, so a crank seal fault will not show up.