William
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Everything posted by William
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I agree that this would probably be the case against these types of fungi. What do you think about allicin having any effect on other fungus like organisms such as Phytophthora, or on bacteria such as Pseudomonas? Do you think it could theoretically control these diseases in trees?
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I was refering to your comment made above - you said that you have seen allicin kill 'endo- and/or ectomycorrhizal micro- and macrofungi' which suggests it kills fungi? And therefore could it not be used in an alternative way (not into the soil) to kill other types of fungi?
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Hi Gerrit, I agree with you on the soil applied effect of allicin on soil fungi, after all this is what allicin has been evolved to do over thousands of years. Maybe other types of applications such as trunk injections or direct application onto cankers may have benefit for otherwise condemned trees. Also, as you have suggested, allicin may have beneficial effects on trees infected by parasitic fungi?
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Hi Gerrit, I'm not aware of the experiments you mention, I'm only aware of the Allicin Tree Care trials that have been in the trade journals in the UK when trunk injections were used. I understand that allicin degrades very quickly in the environment and I would be suprised if it had the ability to prevented disease and have seen studies that show that it does not contribute to any aquired resistance type effect, but it is effective as a 'control' in its own right.
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Not sure how much good this would do as allicin is only created after the garlic is damaged (this prevents the garlic killing any beneficial bacteria/fungi organisms). Allicin is a defence mechanism for garlic.
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As Gerrit says allicin is anti-fungal, and also anti-bacterial. The trials in the Netherlands used systemic trunk injections to control the HCBC bacteria. I believe the effect it had on leafminer was a beneficial side effect, as other elements of crushed garlic contain anti-larvicidal properties.
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Just adding to the other comments and links, if a tree is in a CA then you need only notify the local authority that you intend to remove the tree. The local authority must either i) consent to removal, ii) not reply to your request (and by default grant permission to allow removal), or iii) TPO the tree. Refusal of the intent to remove is not permitted. BTW I wouldn't run with option ii without first discussing it with the tree officer.
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I agree with the sentiment but how do we reduce this number to zero deaths per year? With the unpredictable nature of tree failure can the threat be managed. For example how can we stop limbs being shed from trees in gales or summer branch drop?
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I've not seen or heard anything on this subject other that the report below. The incident was judged to be accidental and not foreseeable. BBC NEWS | England | Norfolk | Boy's tree death was accidental
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Which pathogens? Some are present - even in the most sterile environment. Some are invaders, such as HCBC which has not been in this country as long at the hc tree (c1600 v c2000) and are spread either naturally or by us. If by us then we should do what we can to limit our actions that may spread it.
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Chipping infected material can create aerosol spores that can travel for many miles (from any diseased wood). Once in the air they can travel onto other sites, with no regard to site boundaries and ownership. Regardless of however many trees may be infected on a particular site, a neighbouring site may not be. Avoiding chipping infected wood is a good practice.
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You would need to ask the tree officer / person responsible for the fell decission I guess. You can manage any tree with whatever method you deem appropriate and justifiable. Felling would remove you from any liability in the future but would not allow you to view the progression of the disease and inform future decisions. There is no sure fire way of treating an infected tree that I know of myself. No specific chemicals exist to treat HC from BC infection. Experts can try various holistic methods such as decompaction and adding nutrients. Using such techniques is an attempt to manage the BC and possibly cheaper than the £1000+ it would cost to Council to remove this tree (not including amenity value).
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Possibly in London since 1879? BBC News - Horse chestnut collections rewrite leaf miner spread
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I've seen Bartletts use similar methods to treat HCBC trees. Airspade to treat soil compaction, adding soil nutrients and ensuring sufficient irrigation. Good ideas and ones that may help an infected tree fight infection.
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Did it have to go on safety grounds? It looks like a small limb was shed in the middle of the crown from the 'photo-a-day' link photograph. The tree looks healthy to me, suggesting removal is a bit too haste. I've seen h/c trees near me that have been earmarked for removal with "bleeding" noted on them. Only to see that post removal the felled cross sections were fine and without decay. Not surprising, after all the bleeding is a result of an infection of the vascular phloem. If I were managing this tree I would leave it be for the next few years to see if the canker developed.
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I would make sure that some form of protective fencing is erected ASAP until the patio is ready to be constructed. Clear as much rubbish from within the RPA as possible and stop any activity within the RPA with fencing. The MS should advise fencing positions and that no further soil is removed during construction. You could make general comments about patio construction, such as ensuring that only porous materials should be used for the finished surface within the RPA, avoiding any further soil compaction and prohibit the use of chemicals etc with the RPA. Recommend a re-inspection after completion to assess future management options.
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If I was inspecting an oak tree (on a busy highway) that had Ganoderma, but I was unable to tell the different between applanatum or adspersum, would this affect my management recommendations -would having applanatum be of more concern than the adspersum say?
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Cameraria ohridella leaf-miner and Sycamore aphid honeydew link?
William replied to Root Beard's topic in Tree health care
Sorry, the author is Christelle Pere – you can find at: http://doc.rero.ch/lm.php?url=1000,40,4,20090710125643-PI/Th_PEREC.pdf -
Cameraria ohridella leaf-miner and Sycamore aphid honeydew link?
William replied to Root Beard's topic in Tree health care
It’s an interesting observation and there is a study available - http://doc.rero.ch/lm.php?url=1000,40,4,20090710125643-PI/Th_PEREC.pdf#page=65 - which found that sycamore can be a host for, but not preferable to HCLM. The author has also written a dissertation on the topic which is available if you search through Google (and have the time to read it) with lots of theories about host interactions – maybe there is a link as you suggest. I would suspect that another factor may be that where there are heavier infestations of HCLM, leaves have not been removed which has allowed populations to build up and simply re-infest the trees the following year. I have seen may parks with long grass along the perimeter containing HC trees with heavy HCLM infestations when compared to low infestations of nearby trees that are situated in maintained grass where leaves have been removed after leaf fall. -
I would agree - why not give honest reports on bad arboricultural experiences had within the industry (whoever they are)? Everyone who has been in arb for a number of years will have come across poor companies to work or sub for. A heads up to prospective employees should be welcomed in my opinion.
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As I understand it off-label can only apply to a pesticide with approval but used in a different way. I'm not sure fairy liquid has any existing approval as an insecticide or other pesticide. A boss of mine once advised using fairy liquid to rid a spruce of Adelges cooeyi - don't know if it worked for the tree owner?
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Is Fairy Liquid licensed as an insecticide...don't tell the CRD!
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I'm thinkin 'elm bark beetle' I hope a predator does come alone before it spreads nationwide.
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I would go with something more universal for a career in arb consultancy, say a degree in arb/forestry/landscape - maybe a foundation degree with degree top-up. These qualifications are more recognised by other professional industries (your potential clients). If you want to get AA professional membership or MICFor then a related degree will stand you well. BTW I think the AA tech is an excellent qualification but not widely known to all outside arb and not at level 4 (required for professional memberships).
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I found an old forestry/arb book at a second hand book shop a while ago and finally got round to taking a good look at it this weekend. The book is called The Forester by James Brown and is a fifth edition dated 1882. There are loads of references to arb, and a section called 'The future of arboriculture'. I've added a few scanned images - my favourite is the steam powered chainsaw (first pic) known as the 'tree-feller'. There's also a horse drawn hedge trimmer (second pic) and horse drawn tree transplanting machine (third pic) Has anyone seen this book before?
