Fungus

Does this Californian Jurupa Oak qualify as a veteran tree ?

research on the effects of air pollution on urban and roadside trees has shown, that these trees function as dust filters "storing" particulates, pollen and spores on their foliage until the rain washes it down and transports it to the sewer system and that's why urban trees are more than just the lungs (oxygen) of our cities.

Trees "eat" pollution better than expected.

Fomes & Pipto next to each other on two stems of the same tree. Will be interesting to watch which one fails first. (in terms of simultaneous white rot or the brown rot)

Not an uncommon combination in The Netherlands either and sometimes even on the same trunk, leaving behind a black demarcation line where the two mycelia and types of rot meet and compete.

IME Piptoporus is the faster (cellulose) decomposer causing the tree sooner to fall.

Pholiota squarrosa with the cap scales lost.

, atypical and with big FB's because of the richness of the substrate.

looks like Pycnoporus cinnabarinus

In New Zealand it's Pycnoporus coccineus. And did the other bracket fungus have fine whitish to greyish pores ? If so, it might be Trametes hirsuta.

the above quoted comment unusual enough to be worth some dialog to determine if others have noted something similar

Dave,

Me too, so I already challenged this IMO unlikely hypothesis.

Not really a bug ... Coprinus lagopus

Far too big umbrella far such a small toad .

Pat (jammydodger) asked what chemical or compound triggers advantagous buds to develop.

The plant hormones mainly responsible for directing the growth of trees are the auxins.

Just think of all that microtrauma caused by climbers stomping around with spore laden boots... You heard it here first.

Sure : © Tony Sorensen (2011) .

Wouldn't it be ironic if the reason that Massaria prefers the top of limbs was because thats where arborists walked...

Tony,

... if so, wouldn't this mean, that in future all climbers should be banned from trees and only platforms and high altitude camera's should be allowed ??? Don't tell this to David .

I. hispidus also has the capacity for soft rot, and alternates strategy in order to circumnavigate the reaction zones during the dormant period when reaction zones are inactive.

Just as the also biotrophic parasitic Meripilus giganteus : soft rot = sap wood (parasitic), white rot = dead wood (saprotrophic).

Now this is the stuff i have been looking for a long time!

Tobias,

Some pictures of macrofungi from Sweden :

1. Clavariadelphus sachalinensis.

2. Lactarius scrobiculatus.

3. Lactarius zonarioides.

4. Phaeolepiota aurea.

5. Phellinus populicola.

6. Cortinarius (= Rozites) caperatus.

7. Thelephora caryophylla.

8. Amanita virosa.

the netting on that bolete is stunning

In Dutch, it's called the Gaudy or Show off stiped bolete.

Is it noted as hosting on Acer ?

Yes, I found it twice on Acer in The Netherlands and both times fruiting from/inside a large wound/cavity.

ostoyae being more pathogenic too?

No, not to the tree, but more competative than A. mellea because of its better resistance to resins (coniferous trees) and acids (Quercus robur, Castanea sativa).

Is the Pycnoporellus in that shot hosted on Oak ?

No, on spruce.

1. an Acer wouldn't have a chance I guess.

2. Do you think the tree would have been ok if it had only been Armillaria?

1. Acer is not capable of compartmentalisation of the from the central wood column through the radial rays outward development of the soft rotting mycelium of K. deusta.

2. No, the difference is, that it would have died without becoming unstable at the same time.

"Nature Culture method" as in title ... a talk at the library last friday, it was held by a Professor Emeritius in forestry, and was on something he refers to as "Nature Culture method" a method of forestry that he has developed and evaluated in a scientific way since early -90s. The method is illegal in Sweden as the Forestry Commision says it is against the Swedish forestry-law... anyhow, the method resembles of selective cutting and continious replant. The method is still in trials.

The talk got me thinking about mycorrhiza association in the different methods. Is the clearfell/replant method able to sustain the mycoweb or does the evolution have to restart in the area? In this sence, is selective cutting better in terms of drought resistance, pathogens eg Armillaria and Heterobasidion?

Tobias,

Illegal ? I've seen several plots of these selective cutting trials in spruce forests in the Finnskoga area close to Höljes, where one healthy and vital tree out of 15 spruces was left behind around which the young spruces were replanted. The newly planted areas - and my wife and I once - were then "sprinkled" with nutrients and lime by helicopter.

This method is preferred over clearfell because of better drought resistance, lower erosion risks, keeping the greater part of the soil food web intact and the presence of spores and hyphae/mycelia of ectomycorrhizal macrofungi attached to the roots of the left behind tree, that easily and rapidly colonize the roots of the planted trees through root-root contact, protecting the roots against pathogens in an early stage of their life cycle.

the sp is mellea! genus armillaria!

It's Armillaria ostoyae producing the black oozing.

1. with all else being equal, why would some trees in city areas have a lower infection rate than some trees in a more rural situation?

2. Unless of course, all things are not equal.

Dave,

1. On the basis of what research data do you assume that this actually is the case ?

2. In different situations (city versus rural) all things are not equal, because of the differences in density of trees and the associated infection chance by short or long distance travelling spores from the infected sources, air and water pollution, the lack of or poor association with mycorrhizal fungi by city trees altering the defensive system of the roots and the tree as a whole, etc.

Ganoderma australe, just from your description, I bet its cored out with an intense white rot with selective delignification, and mycelial sheets are forming in the the limb unions eventually pushing them apart

I would sooner expect this to be caused by the intense simultaneous white rot of the mycelium of Phellinus tuberculosus.

adding mulch or would that help the fungus return and reinfect the area

Tom,

Yes, it (probably) would, just as layers of woodchips do.

By the look of the (whitish) spore, it appears to be Rigidoporus ulmarius.

Perenniporia ...

Or Oxyporus populinus.

How does the fruiting compare generally at that site with this time last year?

So here are some photo's of rare macrofungi, I found in the Eifel region in the period 2007-2010 :

1. Amanita submembranacea.

2. Boletus junquilleus.

3. Boletus calopus.

4. Cantharellus friesii.

5. Hygrophorus pustulatus.

6. Leccinum griseum.

7. Lepiota clypeolaria.

8. Porphyrellus porphyrosporus.

9. Pycnoporellus fulgens.

10. Strobilomyces strobilaceus.

Im doing lots of management plans for ancient semi natural woodlands at the moment, with a heavy slant to getting many back into management, along with gaining maximium biodiversity gains. Im using the principles of creating a good mixture of habitats, including un-thinned non intervention areas, heavily thinned areas etc etc.

This got me thinking whilst im advising on the creation and retention of standing dead wood, (creation by ring barking most commonly, as i think chemical options may be detrimental), this is often in the thinned areas, thus probably lowering humidy increasing light and probably decreasing the suitability for a large number of the fungi we are trying to increase the habitat for. A small number of timber stacks will also be left in the woods per hectare for inverts and fungi. One of the sites im dealing with is nearly all 30yr old birch regen ... I'm specifying a lot of dead wood standing on this site, as well as halo thinning some of the bigger trees, I was also wondering about winching some limbs off to create bit of decay

Charlieh,

Read :

1. Succession of saprotrophic macrofungi,

2. Endo- and ectomycorrhizae and

3. the pine, beech, alder and birch specific ecosytems macrofungi thread,

to get a general idea of natural forest ecology, tree species specific ecosystems and their tree species specific soil food webs including tree species specific saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal macrofungi.