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» Glossary |
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Arbtalk Directory of Tree related Fungi
Glossary
Annulus - ring around the stem of toadstools & mushrooms
Anamorph – asexual form of a fungus
Basal - area around the base of a tree
Biotrophic parasite - feeds off host cells whilst it is still a functioning organism
Brown rot - type of decay in which fungi degrade cellulose in the cell walls, creating a brown color in the decayed wood.
Bracket - Annual or perennial Fruitbody form, that is shelf like in appearance, sometimes singular but also in tiers. Aka conk
Bulbous - swollen basal area of a stem
Celulose - makes plant stems, stalks and trunks rigid and gives structure to cell walls.
Faculative parasite - fungi that have the ability to act both saprophytically and parasitically
Fruitbody - spore-producing structure
Geotropism - response to gravity
Gill - fertile ribs underneath caps
Guttation - liquid drops oozing out of the fruit body surface
Heartwood - discoloured wood that contains no living cells but may contain chemicals that react to injury
Hyphae - long filamental branch like structures, that are the main vegetative part of fungi
Lignin - binds to cellulose fibers to harden and strengthen cell walls
Mycelium - network of vegetative hyphae from which the fruitbody grows
Mycorrhizal - fungi strategy (symbiotic) that benefits both itself & host, breaking down trace elements for the tree also increasing the trees water uptake, whilst in return gains carbohydrates from the tree
Necrotrophic parasite - pathogen that kills the host its on
Pore - the mouth of a spore bearing tube
Parasitic - strategy of how types of fungi sustain themselves upon a living host tree, giving nothing in return
Pathogen - an infectious agent/organism
Resupinate - bent backwards/reversed
Rhizomorph - dark bootlace like strands that extend through the substrate in search of new areas of a tree to degrade
Rhizosphere - area around the roots where mycorrhiza are active
Saprophytic - fungi strategy where it sustains itself off dead/dysfunctional or dying organic material
Sapwood - wood that contains living cells that provide storage, transport, protection & support
Sessile - without a stem
Spore - macro seed like unit, that facilitates the asexual reproduction
Sporophore - spore producing or bearing structure
Symbiosis - mutual exploitation & benefits between two dissimilar organisms
telemorph - sexual form of a fungus
White rot - decay of wood in which both cellulose and lignin are broken down.
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